Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Non-invasive Screening of Esophageal Varices in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
318
319
EN
Elsayed
S
Abd Elbaser
Tropical Medicine Department, Zagazig University, Egypt.
10.21608/aeji.2021.204975
A new study in this issue of the Afro-Egyptian journal of infectious and endemic diseases investigated the use of the PAPAS score (Platelet/Age/ Phosphatase/AFP/AST) for predicting EVs in HCV-related cirrhotic patients. This study included patients at different stages of cirrhosis (compensated and decompensated) who underwent screening EGD to detect the presence of EVs. The PAPAS score and other non-invasive scores (APRI, FIB4, Lok Scor) were calculated and compared their accuracy in predicting the development of EVs. The results of this study showed that patients with EVs have a significantly higher PAPAS score than those without EVs. The PAPAS index showed higher diagnostic accuracy than the other tests (APRI, FIB-4, and Lok Score). PAPAS index AUCs were 0.939 for diagnosis of EVs with 86% sensitivity, 93.33% specificity, 95.2% PPV, 73.7% NPV, and AUC 0.746 for detecting Large EVs with 94.87% sensitivity, 86.43% specificity, 71.2% PPV, 86.7% NPV, indicating its usefulness in identifying patients with large varices who require endoscopy.
Non-invasive screening,Esophageal varices,Liver cirrhosis,Esophago-Gastro-Duodenoscopy
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_204975.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_204975_4915d6beaa3671617727dddc8cc0c712.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Gut Microbiota Characteristics in Ulcerative Colitis and other Gastrointestinal Diseases
320
330
EN
Ayman
Ellehleh
0000 0000 7100 0000
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine - Menoufia University,
Menoufia, Egypt.
aymanellehleh71@yahoo.com
Naglaa
Elabd
0000-0001-8786-0190
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine - Menoufia University,
Menoufia, Egypt.
naglaa_elabd@yahoo.com
Rania
Azmy
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine - Menoufia University, Menoufia,
Egypt.
cardy43@hotmail.com
Chris
Tselepis
Institute of Cancer Sciences and Genomic Sciences – University of Birmingham, UK.
chris.tselepis@bham.ac.uk
Walaa
Shaheen
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine - Menoufia University,
Menoufia, Egypt.
s.walaa87@yahoo.com
10.21608/aeji.2021.90989.1167
Gut microbiota refers to the collective assembly of micro-organisms in a given host environment. It includes, in addition to the well characterized bacterial communities, different life forms of viruses and fungi. Knowledge of these life forms and their functions is currently expanding paralleling with advances in microbiological next generation methodologies which enabled to recognize even unculturable organisms. In the normal health state, these life forms are in a symbiotic relationship with the host where they can provide some biological functions not executed by the host. Vitamin K biosynthesis is a well-known example of this. On the other hand, in disease state, these microbiota communities become disturbed where beneficial members are lost in favour of some pathological forms which may increase the pathological process. In this regard, the gastrointestinal tract is the best model to study these interactions given the direct contact of these microbiota communities with the host mucosal surfaces. In this review, we would revise some of these microbiota changes in different gastrointestinal diseases. <br /> Gut microbiota changes in different gastrointestinal diseases provides an insight into the possible role of gut microbiota in the development of different GI diseases. However, the main question is “are these changes a cause or a result of a disease process”. Moreover, trying to alter gut microbiota with a therapeutic intent is the best way to prove such a causal relationship where improvement of the disease process, after gut microbiota modulation, is a strong indicator of gut microbiota role in the pathogenesis of this disease.
microbiota,ulcerative colitis,Crohn’s disease,Dysbiosis,FMT
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_200506.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_200506_ed36a8bed7a36e76fe94c44b2b8ce216.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Role of Eosinophilic Inflammation in Disease Severity among Egyptian COVID-19 Patients
331
342
EN
Mariam
F
Abdelmaksoud
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt.
dr_mariam_fathy@med.asu.edu.eg
Shaimaa
H
Fouad
0000-0003-4052-9454
Department of Internal Medicine/Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of
Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
shaimaahani@med.asu.edu.eg
Hieba
G
Ezzelregal
0000-0002-0872-7103
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University,
Cairo, Egypt.
hiebagamal24@med.asu.edu.eg
Shereen
A
Baioumy
0000-0002-2188-6790
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig
University, Zagazig, Egypt.
drshereenatef@yahoo.com
Sara
I
Taha
0000-0001-8224-8701
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt.
dr_sara_ib@med.asu.edu.eg
10.21608/aeji.2021.91303.1168
<strong>Background and study aim:</strong> The coronavirus disease pandemic of 2019 (COVID-19) has created global health and economic implications. All potential biomarkers, risk factors, therapy and preventative measures of the disease has been thoroughly investigated. This study examined the relationship between eosinophils and COVID-19 severity, as well as other clinical and laboratory markers of the disease.<br /> <strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> In this retrospective study, we collected data from 162 patients' medical records including baseline complete blood counts with differential total leucocytic counts (TLC). Descriptive and comparative statistics were performed.<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>Regarding disease severity, TLC significantly increased (p=0.019) and lymphocyte count significantly decreased (p=0.003) with more severe disease but eosinophil count showed no significant differences (p= 0.864). Patients admitted to the ICU showed no significant difference in eosinophil count (p=0.551), they had significantly higher TLC (p≤0.001) and significantly lower lymphocyte count (p≤0.001). No significant correlations (p > 0.05) were found between eosinophil count and any of the laboratory markers of the disease, age of patients, or length of hospital stay.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Eosinophil count had no correlation with COVD-19 severity, while lymphopenia was a poor prognostic marker.
COVID-19,Eosinophils,lymphopenia,severity,total leucocytic count
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_197111.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_197111_4a14654e7653b9902d318c4bffeee90c.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Novel Score for Prediction of Esophageal Varices in HCV- Related Chronic Liver Disease Patients
343
353
EN
Hend
E
Ebada
Department of Tropical Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Abbasia, Egypt.
drhannod21@gmail.com
Amany
Ebrahim
Department of Tropical Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Abbasia, Egypt.
amany.ahmed@med.asu.edu.eg
Ashraf
Elbareedy
0000-0002-7754-2639
Department of Tropical Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Abbasia, Egypt.
ashraf.elbareedy@med.asu.edu.eg
Mohamed
Salaheldin
Department of Tropical Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Abbasia, Egypt.
drmstm81@yahoo.com
Ahmed
Allam
0000-0002-0642-9911
Department of Internal Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Abbasia, Egypt.
ahmed.allam@med.asu.edu.eg
Rania
R
Fouad
Department of Tropical Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Abbasia, Egypt.
rorooamin@yahoo.com
Ahmed
S Abdelmoaty
0000000226469646
Department of Tropical Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Abbasia, Egypt.
ahmedsamir@med.asu.edu.eg
10.21608/aeji.2021.83096.1156
<strong>Background and study aim:</strong> The most accurate procedure for detecting esophageal varices (EV) is esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). It is, however, a time-consuming and intrusive treatment. As a result, a variety of noninvasive, easy, and inexpensive alternative screening methods for varices have been investigated. The PAPAS index (Platelet/Age/ Phosphatase/AFP/AST) was investigated for its utility in predicting the occurrence of EV in HCV-related cirrhotic patients.<br /> <strong>Patients and Method:</strong> A One hundred cirrhotic patients were studied in a cross-sectional study at Ain Shams University's Tropical Medicine Department. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was used to examine for the presence and severity of gastroesophageal varices in all individuals. The PAPAS Index, as well as other known predictive scores, were calculated.<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>Patients with EV had a higher PAPAS index with a significant value. The PAPAS index had a greater prediction ability than other existing scores for detecting EV and large EV (APRI, FIB-4, and Lok Score). With 86% sensitivity, 93.33% specificity, 95.2 % PPV, 73.7% NPV in detecting EVs and 94.87 % sensitivity, 86.43% specificity, 71.2% PPV, 86.7 % NPV in detecting Large EVs, the PAPAS index at cutoffs greater than 0.3 and 0.3056 was useful for diagnosing EVs and large EVs, respectively.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PAPAS index is a new score for predicting esophageal varices in HCV-related cirrhotic patients that could help enhance the quality of non-invasive EV and large EV screening and reduce the need for endoscopic procedures.
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy,gastroesophageal varices,Portal Hypertension,PAPAS Index
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_198941.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_198941_f243bd3a49b288e604995fc8df0c0c1b.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Plasma MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for HCV Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Diagnostic Performance of a microRNA Panel in Egyptian Patients
354
368
EN
Hoda
Hagrass
0000-0003-2578-4596
Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, the University of Arkansas for Medical Science, USA.
hhagrass@uams.edu
Tamer
Soliman
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sohag, Sohag, Egypt.
tamer_soliman@med.sohag.edu.eg
Enas
Tantawy
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagazig, Zagazig, Egypt
eatantawy@zu.edu.eg
Heba
Pasha
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
hebapasha@yahoo.com
Mohamed
Radwan
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zagazig, Zagazig, Egypt.
miradwan@zu.edu.eg
10.21608/aeji.2021.91554.1170
<strong>Background and study aim:</strong> Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are aberrant in cancer patients, so recent research focuses on their use as ideal tumor markers. Our Objectives were to assess levels of plasma miRNAs in HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic liver diseases (CLD) patients and to evaluate the diagnostic performance of microRNA panels exploring their role as novel biomarkers in their early diagnosis.<br /> <strong>Patients/Material and Methods:</strong> Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qPCR) were performed to assess plasma levels of miRNAs; miR-122-5p, miR-192-5p, miR-106b-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-195-5p, and miR-199a-5p, chosen from an array step profiling the abundant miRNAs in 70 HCC, 50 CLD, and 50 healthy Egyptian subjects.<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>Increased plasma levels of miRNAs; miR-122-5p, miR-192-5p, miR-106b-5p and miR-34a-5p, was noticed in HCC patients, while miR-195-5p and miR-199a-5p levels were decreased. Diagnostic accuracy of a panel made of the 6-plasma miRNAs was evaluated which showed better performance than individual miRNAs (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.990, 95% CI: 0.943 – 1.000; P < 0.001). A second 2-miRNAs panel (miR-195-5p/miR-192-5p) was created and its diagnostic performance was shown to be of similar accuracy to the 6-miRNAs panel (AUC = 0.978, 95% CI: 0.925 – 0.997; P < 0.001).<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of a 6-miRNAs panel has high diagnostic accuracy and better performance than individual miRNAs and distinguishes among HCC, CLD, and healthy individuals. MiR-195-5p and miR-192-5p are the best predictors, and their use as a 2-miRNAs panel is recommended with similar performance and lower cost compared to the 6-miRNAs panel.
Hepatocellular carcinoma,HCV,Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction,microRNAs
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_200352.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_200352_32c7dda669fb4f82a3477c4c44702f35.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Community Participation in the Mass Drug Administration and their Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Management of Filarial Lymphoedema in Lindi District, Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study
369
381
EN
Winfrida
John
0000-0002-9909-550X
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, School of Public
Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences,
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania .
jwinrence@gmail.com
Vivian
Mushi
0000-0001-9732-3057
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, School of Public
Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences,
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania .
vmushi31@gmail.com
Donath
Tarimo
Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, School of Public
Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences,
Dar es Salaam, Tanzania .
dontarimo@gmail.com
Upendo
Mwingira
National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
umwingira@yahoo.com
10.21608/aeji.2021.91409.1169
<strong>Background and study aim:</strong> Lindi District is among hotspots area for lymphatic filariasis (LF) after eleven rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) in Tanzania. Though transmission has remarkably been reduced, lymphoedema has remained a public health problem. The frequency of the community participation in the MDA, their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding lymphoedema management has not been fully established. This study examined the frequency of community participation on the MDA and their KAP on lymphoedema management in the Lindi district.<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2020. A total of 954 individuals were interviewed on their KAP on lymphoedema management and MDA by using an interview schedule. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22. The community KAP was summarized into frequency tables and proportions. The chi-square test was used to compare proportions at the significance level of 0.05.<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>The large majority (83.9%) participated in the previous MDA rounds, with more than three-quarters of them (78.5 %) having participated in ≤ 5 rounds. More than half of the community members had an inadequate level of knowledge (60%) and negative attitudes (53.7%) regarding MDA and lymphoedema management, with about three quarters (74.2%) doing inappropriate lymphoedema management practices (74.2%). Age groups, marital status and residence were significantly associated (p < 0.000) with the appropriateness of community practices for lymphoedema management.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a low level of knowledge, poor attitude, and inappropriate practices toward lymphoedema management in the Lindi district. This will have negative consequences on the lymphoedema management in the Lindi district, hence, the need for further public health education on LF management.
KAP,lymphatic filariasis,Lymphoedema,mass drug administration
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_201075.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_201075_07e24c432f463c94268f86fe17203821.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Effect of Helicobacter pylori Infection on Insulin Resistance in non-Obese, non-Diabetic Patients
382
388
EN
Ashraf
A
Askar
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag,
Egypt .
ashrafaskar15@gmail.com
Ahmed
A.M.
Abdallah
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
ahmedalamirmahmoud@yahoo.com
Ahmed
Sedky
Department of Clinical Pathology, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
sedky9383@gmail.com
Elzahraa
M.
Meghezel
Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
elzhraa_meghzel@yahoo.com
Ali
H
Mohammed
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag,
Egypt .
ahussein79@yahoo.com
10.21608/aeji.2021.94501.1178
<strong>Background and study aim:</strong> <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> is associated with the inflammation of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues throughout the digestive tract. Infection by <em>H. pylori</em> is related to insulin resistance (IR). The Homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) is a reliable method for assessing IR by basal glucose and insulin levels in humans. The current approach aimed to use the HOMA-IR index to study the relation between <em>H. pylori</em> and IR in non-obese and non-diabetic patients.<br /> <strong>Patients/Materials and Methods:</strong> 62 participants were divided into <em>H. pylori</em>-positive and control groups. All participants were non-obese, non-diabetic, and registered in the outpatient virology clinics, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sohag University Hospital, Egypt. We performed different laboratory investigations such as liver functions, fasting blood sugar, and fasting blood insulin. HOMA-IR was calculated for each participant of the study population .<br /> <strong>Results: </strong><em>H. pylori</em> infections were most common among male (73.5%) compared to females (26.5%) patients with a significant P=0.003. <em>H. pylori</em> infections were associated with higher levels of C reactive protein (CRP), P=0.039. The levels of serum fasting insulin were higher in <em>H. pylori</em>-positive patients (16.95±4.67 µU/ml) than the uninfected individuals (10.49 ±6.5 µU/ml), P=0.001. The values of the HOMA-IR index were significantly higher (3.8 ±1.16) with H. pylori infection, as well, P=0.001.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>HOMA-IR index is a reliable indicator of IR in <em>H. pylori</em>-infected patients from Sohag, Egypt. Further longitudinal cohort studies are required to investigate the usage of HOMA-IR to predict <em>H. pylori</em>-associated diseases in different medical centers from Egypt.
Helicobacter pylori,Insulin Resistance,HOMA-IR
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_201079.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_201079_9f1886a94287c9cbea1f7a656bbd0465.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Influence of COVID-19 Related Quarantine on Thyroid Function and Depression in Egyptian Patients with Overt Hypothyroidism
389
396
EN
Ahmed
A
Arafat
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University,
Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt.
ahmedarafat61@gmail.com
Hanan
A
Elsherbiny
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University,
Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt.
drhanan.2012.hae@gmail.com
Shady
I
Mashaly
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University,
Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt.
dr.shadymashaly@gmail.com
Mohammed
Y
Elshaer
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University,
Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt.
melshaer85@mans.edu.eg
Mohammed
A
Gameil
0000-0002-9342-6451
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University,
Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt.
drmaligameil1979@yahoo.com
10.21608/aeji.2021.86590.1158
<strong>Background and study aim:</strong> Currently, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represents a major threat to the health and social life of human beings. National quarantine was one of the tools to manage the dramatic increased spread and deaths of COVID-19. We aimed to detect the alterations of thyroid function and psychological consequences among Egyptian patients with hypothyroidism during COVID-19 related quarantine.<br /> <strong>Patients and Method:</strong> A longitudinal observational study was conducted at the endocrine outpatient clinic of Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt during the period from March to August 2020. 160 Egyptian patients with pre-existing primary hypothyroidism were included. Patients with properly compensated thyroid function and without depression symptoms were enrolled. Patients with proven, suspected COVID-19 or prior depression were excluded. After ethical approval and consent, sequential follow-up visits in March, June, and August 2020 were scheduled. Clinical history, examination, and laboratory assessment of thyroid function were applied regularly. Depression was evaluated via the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale.<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>Among 160 participants with a mean age of 42.34 and a female proportion of 70.6%, TSH was positively correlated with the grade of depression and PHQ-9 score (p < 0.001). We noticed a progressively increased prevalence of mild depression; from 3.8% (June 2020) to 14.4% (August 2020).<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>During the lockdown period of COVID-19, Egyptian patients with pre-existing hypothyroidism experienced a progressively increased prevalence of mild depression .
COVID-19,quarantine,hypothyroidism,Depression, PHQ-9 scale
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_201668.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_201668_0110191f19fa8652fa5f1345a5580e39.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Ulcerative Colitis in Upper Egypt: A single center study
397
403
EN
Abdelmajeed
Moussa
0000-0002-9440-6241
Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
dr.adbomm@gmail.com
Noha
H
Eltaweel
0000-0003-0126-1731
Department of Medical Molecular genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
nohaeltaweel10@gmail.com
Mohamed
Elbadry
0000-0002-9020-8870
Department of Endemic Medicine , Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University,Cairo, Egypt.
melbadry2002@yahoo.com
10.21608/aeji.2021.92773.1172
<strong>Background and study aim:</strong> Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic remitting relapsing disease affecting the colon. We aimed to study the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of UC patients in Aswan governorate - south of Upper Egypt .<br /> <strong>Methods:</strong> Our study was a retrospective observational cross-sectional study including all patients who attend the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) clinic of tropical medicine and gastroenterology department- Aswan university hospital over the five years period from 2015 to 2020 in whom the diagnosis of UC was confirmed by clinical, laboratory, endoscopic and histological examinations.<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>A total of 26 patients with established diagnosis of UC were included in this study. Their mean± (SD) age at diagnosis was 30± (8.7) years. In our study the male: female ratio was 1.6:1. Only 4 (15.4%) patients had positive family history of UC. Bleeding per rectum was the main presenting symptom in 76.9%, most of the studied patients had no associated extra intestinal manifestations at presentations; while arthralgia, oral ulcers, sacroiliitis or arthralgia and sacroiliitis were associated symptoms in 7.6%, 3.8%, 11.5% or 3.8% of patients respectively. There was no statistically significant difference upon comparing laboratory data between the two age groups (more or less than 40 years) or between positive and negative extra intestinal manifestations. However, the level of fecal calprotectin and serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), platelets (PLT) and white blood cells (WBCs) count were raised with the increase in the clinical or endoscopic severity indices, while serum albumin and hemoglobin were dropped.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of UC patients in Upper Egyptian population closely resembled those of the Lower Egypt and Middle East. UC was more common in males and had mild and distal pattern.
ulcerative colitis,epidemiological data,Clinical Characteristics,Upper Egypt,Aswan
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_204751.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_204751_2673b7541040729074a44084daad2bb6.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
A New Sequential Regimen for Treatment of H. Pylori in Naïve and Previously Treated Patients with Traditional Triple Therapy
404
411
EN
Ahmed
A
Teima
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin
El-Kom, Egypt .
dr.ahmed_zaid@yahoo.com
Zeinab
A
Kasemy
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
zeinab.kasemy@med.menofia.edu.eg
Sally
A
Mehesin
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
dr.sally.ph@gmail.com
Nouran
T
Abo-elkheir
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt.
nouranaboelkheir@gmail.com
Mohamed
Abdel-Samiee
Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt.
mohamedabdelsamie@gmail.com
Amany
A
Amer
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin
El-Kom, Egypt .
amany.abbas630@med.menofia.edu.eg
10.21608/aeji.2021.92874.1173
<strong>Background and study aim:</strong> Helicobacter pylori bacterium is considered one of the most common pathogens that, grows in the digestive tract and has a tendency to attack the stomach lining. It has been estimated that, H. pylori infection occurs in about 50% of the world’s adult population. The present consensus is that, all H. pylori infected persons should be cured unless, there are compelling reasons. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of a new sequential regimen with traditional triple and LOAD therapy for eradication of H pylori in naïve patients and patients with previously failed eradication.<br /> <strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> A prospective cohort study was carried out on 240 Helicobacter pylori infected patients who were enrolled from outpatient clinic during the period from September 2017 to December 2020. Selected patients were classified into 4 equal groups [GI=60 naïve patients received traditional triple therapy, GII= 60 naïve patients received a new sequential therapy (14 days moxifloxacin, nitazoxanide and esmoprazole, followed by 14 days dexalanzoprazole, levofloxacin and metronidazole), GIII= 60 retreated patients with LOAD therapy after failed traditional triple therapy and GIV= 60 s retreated patients with a new sequential therapy after failed traditional triple therapy]. All participants were subjected to medical history, general and abdominal examination, laboratory investigations, abdomino-pelvic ultrasonography. All participants were evaluated by H pylori antigen test in stool at time of diagnosis and after 4- 6 weeks of full course regimens.<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>Eradication rates were significantly higher in GII, GIII and GIV (95.0%, 96.7% and 88.3%) respectively, in comparison to GI naïve patients (66.7%) who showed the lowest cure rate while, the highest cure rate was in GIII.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>A new quinolones based sequential therapy showed more efficacy and less resistance in eradication of H pylori in naïve patients and patients with previously failed eradication by traditional triple therapy.
H pylori,Traditional triple therapy,New Sequential Regimen,LOAD Therapy
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_205329.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_205329_8c6dc7fc5fe52814719942e8d3501f6d.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Pattern of Serum Vitamin D in Individuals with non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver and its Relation to Metabolic Dysfunction
412
422
EN
Fatma
R
Moussa Mohamed
Department of Infectious Diseases, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of
Medicine, Suez University, Suez, Egypt.
frageh2002@hotmail.com
Samar
S
Ahmed
Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez
University, Suez, Egypt.
samarsayedahmed01@gmail.com
Shaymaa Abdelraheem
Abdelhady
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University,
Ismailia, Egypt.
shaymaa-abdelraheem@med.suez.edu.eg
Mohamed
Aboelmagd
Department of Endemic and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal
University, Ismailia, Egypt .
aboelmagd-tm@yahoo.com
Mohamed
Farrag
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for
Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt .
mohammedewais@gmail.com
Mariam
Hassan
Department of Internal Medicine, Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.
mariamdarweesh11@gmail.com
Naglaa
Abd Al Monem
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig,
Egypt.
drnaglahyh@yahoo.com
Ahmed Abd Elrazik
Mohamed
Department of Radiodiagnosis, Alazhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
ahmedmekily2@gmail.com
Dalia
Ghareeb
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez, Egypt.
daliaghareeb13@yahoo.com
10.21608/aeji.2021.100732.1188
<strong>Background and study aim: </strong>Vitamin D has extensive anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and insulin-sensitizing properties, in addition to involvement in immune-metabolic pathways within the gut-adipose tissue-liver axis. This study aims to assess the association between vitamin D deficiency, metabolic dysfunction and NAFLD which is still controversial.<br /> <strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> Cross sectional study that included 170 subjects; 85 cases with fatty liver and 85 <strong></strong>healthy controls. After measurement of BMI, both studied groups were subjected <strong></strong>to the following laboratory investigations: vitamin D, liver enzymes, random <strong></strong>blood glucose, HbA1C, cholesterol, TG, LDL, HDL and uric acid<strong></strong>.<br /> <strong>Results: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency was associated with many metabolic dysfunction <strong></strong>parameters. Regarding NAFLD: in univariate analysis, vitamin D deficiency, male <strong></strong>sex, overweight and obesity, hypercholesterolemia, hyper-glycaemia, and elevated <strong></strong>liver enzymes were the risk factors. Meanwhile multivariate analysis showed that <strong></strong>the risk factors included male sex, overweight and obesity. Sensitivity and <strong></strong>specificity of vit D deficiency, at a cutoff value of ≤18.5 mg/mL, were 68.24% <strong></strong>and 52.92%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of hypertriglyceridemia, with <strong></strong>a cutoff value of >113 mg/dL, were 77.65% and 48.24%, respectively. At cutoff <strong></strong>value of >5.2%, sensitivity and specificity of HBA1C were 69.41% and 56.47%, <strong></strong>respectively<strong></strong>.<br /> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin D deficiency is associated with high prevalence of metabolic changes. <strong></strong>Thus, early detection and treatment of such deficiency can improve fatty liver <strong></strong>disease and its associated metabolic changes, hence, preventing progression into <strong></strong>liver cirrhosis<strong></strong>.
Fatty Liver,Vitamin D Status,dyslipidemia,Obesity,Metabolic Dysfunction
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_207360.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_207360_72e58d90d53f92aa39edc414bba6c5c6.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
Are we able to Prevent Future Pandemics? A Lesson from Covid-19 Pandemic
423
425
EN
Tarek
Hamed
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
tareqhamed@live.com
Noha.
Abdelsalam
Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt .
nohaabelsalam49@gmail.com
Dina
Sarhan
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
dinatawfek7@yahoo.com
Eman
Baz
0000-0001-5086-3312
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
eman_albaz@yahoo.com
10.21608/aeji.2021.98089.1182
Human faced a lot of pandemics, and WHO has a definition as well as regulations for different phases of pandemic. The aim of this commentary is giving an attention of the value to change these current definitions and regulations hoping to save people in the future and stop global spread of any infection. Outbreak of a novel corona virus was reported in China on December 2019. Sooner, a global spread was reported and WHO announced a public health emergency of international concern on 30 January 2020. WHO declared it as a pandemic on 11 March 2020.<br /> If the current definitions and regulations of pandemic are changed, a global cooperative and supportive actions must be announced by secretary general of UN in any future health hazards with a possible global pandemic. Including support for global health care, economical support and local action plan to control outbreaks at site with UN support both medical and financial aiming to prevent further spread worldwide.
pandemic,COVID-19,Regulations,WHO,prevention
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_200168.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_200168_e478f14935b7e4ff74c844cafd83714a.pdf
Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department
Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases
2090-7613
2090-7184
11
4
2021
12
01
COP26 and Health: Some Progress, but too Slow and not Enough
426
429
EN
Laurie
Laybourn-Langton
Senior adviser, UK Health Alliance on Climate Change
laurie.laybourn@ukhealthalliance.org
Richard
Smith
Chair, UK Health Alliance on Climate Change
10.21608/aeji.2021.208997
The editorial on climate change and biodiversity published in over 220 health journals in September had two main demands: keep global temperature increases below 1.5C above pre-industrial levels to avoid catastrophic damage to health; and accept that this can be achieved only by rich countries making bigger cuts in greenhouse gas emissions and transferring substantial resources to the countries most vulnerable the effects of climate change.<span>Although the mantra of COP26 was “keep 1.5C alive,” the pledges made by countries to reduce emissions are insufficient to keep the temperature rise to below 1.5C.</span>
COP26,Health
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_208997.html
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_208997_8d6779000392c99e9cf868092c392d45.pdf