ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Screening of HIV and Identifying Risk Factors among Premedical Students, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Egypt
Background and aim: HIV is a global public health problem. Many people in Egypt are afraid to get tested for HIV so the real situation remains unknown. The aim of this article was to determine HIV status and HIV related risk factor among Egyptian premedical students. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional survey using a self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data to identify HIV related risk factor beside serosurvey to detect HIV antibodies among 737 from a total of 1123 pre medical students in Kafr El Sheikh University (KFU) who agreed to participate in the study. Results: The mean age of screened students was 18 ± 0.26 years. In total, 333 (45.2%) were males and 403 (54.8%) were females. Using HIV antibody testing; we did not find any positive HIV cases in our study. (7.5%) underwent any surgical procedure, (0.4%) received blood or blood product transfusions, and (0.1%) shared needle or syringe with others. While (42.8%) shared scissors, razors, and nail clippers with others and (57.3%) went ever to the dentist but none of them had any sexual relationships or HIV patient within the family. Conclusion: We detected no cases of HIV or risky behaviors among Egyptian premedical students.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_126927_d8ba2470ec6681247601db6fdb3d0d5a.pdf
2021-03-01
4
9
10.21608/aeji.2020.42536.1101
Egypt
HIV
Kafr El Sheikh University
premedical students
Ibrahim
Amer
hema.amer30@gmail.com
1
Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelshiekh University.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kariman
Eshra
drkaremaneshra2004@hotmail.com
2
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta Univer
AUTHOR
Shimaa
Elsharawy
shaimaa.elsharawy@med.tanta.edu.eg
3
Department of Tropical Medicine & Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Liver Fibrosis Assessment in Cases of Chronic Hepatitis C after Direct Acting Antivirals Therapy using Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index and Transient Elastography
Background and study aim: The treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection (CHC) has been revolutionized by using novel direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Transient elastography (TE) and aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) are simple and convenient diagnostic tools for the assessment of liver fibrosis. This study was designed to evaluate liver fibrosis by using TE and APRI before and one year after a full course of DAAs therapy in cases with CHC infection. Patients and methods: TE and APRI were measured before treatment and one year after a full course of DAAs therapy in a prospective study of 82 CHC cases. All candidates with CHC infection were genotype 4. TE was measured by Fibroscan and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was considered reliable if 10 successful LSM had been obtained with a success rate (SR) ≥ 60% and interquartile range (IQR) <30%. Results: The current study was conducted on 82 subjects of CHC. The median value of liver stiffness measurement was markedly decreased from 10.6 to 6 kPa after 12 months of completion of DAAs therapy (p < 0.05). Significant reduction of fibrosis stages had occurred in 14/16 (87.50%) of patients with F2 stage, 14/16 (87.5%) of patients with F3 stage, and 26/34 (76.5%) of patients with F4 stage (p < 0.001). The Median APRI value was markedly decreased from 1.12 to 0.42 after 12 months of completion of DAAs therapy (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Liver fibrosis evaluated by TE and APRI markedly decreased in patients with CHC infection after DAAs therapy reflecting regression of liver pathology.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_126932_0b76b3c547dba89cf213c0bc7b03fd37.pdf
2021-03-01
10
17
10.21608/aeji.2020.43683.1103
Key words: Aspartate aminotransferase platelet ratio index
Direct acting antivirals
Hepatitis C virus
Transient elastography
Mohamed
Eissa
sleem31326@gmail.com
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Omar
AbdAllah
omarabdallah4@gmail.com
2
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Elsayed
Ghoneem
ghoneem_84@yahoo.com
3
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Upper Endoscopic Findings before and after Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt in Egyptian Patients with Budd-Chiari Syndrome
Background and study aim: Successful transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) insertion effectively lowers the portosystemic pressure gradient, resolves ascites and improves esophageal varices, we studied the effect of TIPS on the grades of gastroesophageal varices and portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) in Egyptian patients with Budd-Chiari Syndrome (BCS). Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Tropical Medicine Department; Ain Shams University on 20 patients with confirmed BCS with esophageal, gastric varices and PHG. Upper GI endoscopy was conducted before TIPS. Patients were followed up by upper GIT endoscopy at one and six months after TIPS. Results: After TIPS, there was a highly significant improvement of portal pressure, (before TIPS: Mean ±SD =24.9±1.9; after TIPS: 8.3±1.5, p-value <0.001) and esophageal varices (EV). In two of three patients with large EV within one-month post-TIPS and in all 3 patients within 6 months post TIPS. 15 patients with medium-sized EV markedly improved to 7 patients reduced to small EV and one reduced to non EV in one month and 9 patients to small EV and 6 reduced to non EV after 6 months and all 2 patients with small EV reduced to non EV after one and six months. After TIPS, there was a highly significant improvement of PHG in most cases. Conclusion: Successful TIPS insertion in BCS patients leads to improvement in esophageal varices & PHG.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_133425_005a199aaabb064d19d68b9ef0a8d785.pdf
2021-03-01
18
26
10.21608/aeji.2020.45994.1107
Portal Hypertension
gastroesophageal varices
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt
Budd-Chiari syndrome
Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy
Ahmed
Abdelmoaty
ahmedsamir@med.asu.edu.eg
1
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11341, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed
Sakr
mhmdskr1100@yahoo.com
2
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11341, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Aboelmaaty
mohgharibo@hotmail.com
3
Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11341, Egypt
AUTHOR
Hend
Ebada
drhannod21@gmail.com
4
Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11341, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Egyptian Patients with Chronic Liver Diseases at Zagazig University Hospital
Background and study aim: Regarding the increased number of chronic liver diseases (CLD) patients suffering from many manifestations e.g. diarrhea, this withdrew our attention to try to find a relation between CLD and parasitic infections in those patients. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was performed on 190 participants suffering from gastrointestinal complaints especially diarrhea attending Gastroenterology and Hepatology Outpatient Clinics at Zagazig University Hospital, divided into 2 groups GI: 95 CLD patients. GII: 95 non-CLD Control group patients. Cases underwent clinical, abdominal ultrasonographic, and laboratory liver function assessments. Also, collected patients’ stool samples were microscopically examined using iodine, Trichrome and Modified Ziehl-Neelsen stains. To confirm accurate diagnosis to parasitic infections causing diarrhea, RIDA-ELISA for Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia lamblia copro-antigens detections was performed. Results: Parasitic infections among both studied groups were (47%), comprising (58%) in CLD and (36%) in non-CLD as follow: Cryptosporidium (28%, 14%), Giardia (15%, 12%), mixed (5%, 3%), E.histolytica spp. (5%, 4%), Blastocystis hominis (3%, 1%) and H. nana (1%, 2%) respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPP and accuracy of ELISA regarding Giardia and Cryptosporidium infections were (100% and 89.6%, 97.5% and 100%, 87.9% and 100%, 100% and 96.6%, 97.9% and 98.4%) respectively. In GI, most giardial cases had normal ALT and AST levels (74%, 63%), but elevated in cryptosporidial infection (59%, 66%) respectively, with statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Presence of intestinal parasitic infections; mainly Cryptosporidia and Giardia protozoa among CLD patients was striking when compared to diarrheic non-CLD control group and this may be attributed to impaired immune status.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_135104_35a47412caf2bbd0c0fd1ff41bd34a26.pdf
2021-03-01
27
38
10.21608/aeji.2020.48290.1114
diarrhea
(CLD)
Cryptosporidium spp
Giardia
ELISA
Asmaa
Al-Ghandour
asmaamfarouk@gmail.com
1
Department of Medical Parasitology,Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University,Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Abeer
Abdelkader
abeeralashry0@gmail.com
2
Department Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hytham
Ahmed
hythamkamala@gmail.com
3
Department Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ehab
Darwiesh
ehab_drwish_123@yahoo.com
4
Department Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Howayda
Moawad
drhowadasaid@gmail.com
5
Department of Medical Parasitology,Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University,Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study the Effect of Sofosbuvir, Daclatasvir and Ribavirin on Hematologic Profile, Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Levels in HCV-Related Cirrhotic Patients
Background and study aim: The real life effect of anti-HCV direct acting agents (DAAs) on the hematologic profile and serum levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid was not yet fully studied. Patients and Methods: Between March 2018 and March 2019, a prospective study was designed at El-Rajhi University Hospital, Egypt, to randomly select HCV-related child A cirrhosis that were eligible for DAAs. All patients received oral sofosbuvir (SOF; 400 mg) plus daclatasvir (DCV; 60 mg) once daily plus weight based ribavirin (RBV): 1,000 mg/day if < 75 kg and 1,200 mg/day if ≥75 kg; regimen for 12 weeks. Hematologic profile, folic acid and B12 levels were assessed twice; before the start of therapy and at the end of week12 by electrochemiluminescence immune-assay. Results: A total of 25 patients were enrolled (age 50.11 ± 7.89 years, 15 males). The majority had no co morbidities. Hematologic profile in pre and post therapy showed significant decrease in hemoglobin levels after treatment (13.1 ± 0.93 Vs 11.15 ± 0.90, respectively; p=0.02). Folic acid level showed a significant decrease (14.56 ± 4.45 Vs 9.06 ± 2.11; respectively, p=0.01) and vitamin B12 levels showed a minor increase (345.09 ± 55.98 Vs 355.19 ± 33.45; respectively, p=0.08). Conclusion: Significant changes in the kinetics of B12 and folic acid were reported during the course of DAAs in management of chronic HCV with cirrhosis. Further large cohort and randomized controlled trial needed to study the effect of add-on these vitamins on the response rates.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_138940_70093eae7a89912051b7aead80f9fd11.pdf
2021-03-01
39
43
10.21608/aeji.2020.46609.1108
hepatitis C
Direct acting
Folic acid
B12
Mohamed
Mekky
mmekky75@yahoo.com
1
Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University,Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed
Helal
bisso15@gmail.com
2
Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University,Egypt.
AUTHOR
Eman
NasrEldin
emannasr2000@yahoo.com
3
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University,Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ashraf
Osman
ashrafosman@yahoo.com
4
Department of Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University,Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Comparison of Furazolidone Versus Clarithromycin for Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori Infection: A Randomized Multicenter Clinical Trial
Background and study aims: to evaluate efficacy of Furazolidone versus clarithromycin in quadruple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter Pylori (HP) infection . Patients and Method: During a period of six months, all of the cases with HP infection in 3 referral tertiary centers included. The participants randomly allocate to receive either clarithromycin or Furazolidone base quadruple regimen. For all of the participants pantoprazole continued for 4 more weeks and after 1 to 2 weeks of off therapy, they underwent Urea Breath Test to prove eradication. Results: Overall 386 patients included (165 male (42%), average age 44.2y). They diagnosed as non-ulcer dyspepsia (311 cases), peptic ulcer disease (34 cases) and intestinal metaplasia (45 cases). The participants randomly allocated to groups A & B to receive either clarithromycin or Furazolidone. In groups A and B, 80.9% & 82.1% of participants achieved eradication respectively (P = 0.819). During study, there was not any major complication but 3.1% of participants in each group reported minor side effects including bitter taste, Gastrointestinal (GI) upset, headache and or vertigo. In sub group analysis, the eradication rate of clarithromycin among patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and intestinal metaplasia were 80%, 100% & 55.6% respectively. These figures in group B (Furazolidone) were 80.7%, 100% & 85.7% respectively (P= 0.906, 0 & 0.162). Overall, there was no significant difference in success rate between clarithromycin and Furazolidone but in cases with intestinal metaplasia, the positive results with Furazolidone was more (85.7% vs. 55.6%). Conclusion: In areas with high rate of resistance to clarithromycin, Furazolidone could be a potential candidate in HP eradication regimen and in cases with intestinal metaplasia; Furazolidone could be even more efficient than clarithromycin.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_140943_44f93aebfa4cf992efd8526c762aeb6f.pdf
2021-03-01
44
50
10.21608/aeji.2021.50347.1117
HP
eradication
Furazolidone
clarithromycin
Quadruple therapy
Pezhman
Alavinejad
pezhmanalavinejad@gmail.com
1
Alimentary Tract Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Seyed Saeed
Seiedian
sssydyan@yahoo.com
2
Alimentary Tract Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Kave
Ebadi borna
kavehborna@yahoo.com
3
GI ward, Ahvaz Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Ahvaz Iran .
AUTHOR
Eskandar
Hajiani
ehajiani@gmail.com
4
Alimentary Tract Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Maryam
Lajmirnia
maryam.lajmirnia1992@gmail.com
5
Alimentary Tract Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
AUTHOR
Saeed
Hesam
saeed_hesam65@yahoo.com
6
Department of biostatics and epidemiology school of health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical sciences, Ahvaz, Iran .
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Predictors of Cardio-renal Syndrome among Patients with COVID-19 Infection
Background and study aim: : Several reports showed that some Covid-19 patients tend to have serious and fatal complications related to the kidney and heart. Rationale and mechanisms inducing this pathogenesis is unclear, but it’s more common to happen in patients with hemodynamic instability and refractory severe hypotension related to cytokine storm. It represents an irreversible stage of a sepsis-like illness that induces simultaneous damage to various organs as the myocardium and renal tubules alike the cardio-renal syndrome. The predictors for this injurious effect of COVID-19 on both myocardium and renal tissues might be related to the co-morbidities, late presentation and other factors which need further evaluation.The aim of this article is to study the predictors of cardio-renal syndrome in COVID-19 patients Patients and Methods: Our study is a prospective observational study conducted upon confirmed 160 COVID-19 ICU patients admitted from 15th March till 20th May 2020. All patients were subjected to clinical assessment, full laboratory evaluation including PCR for COVID-19 from nasopharyngeal swab and full radiological evaluation.. Results: As regards the predictors for cardio-renal syndrome [15-17]; Age showed high statistically significance (P <0.0004). Furthermore, serum creatinine and serum K were statistically significant in patients with cardio-renal affection (P= 0.015, 0.021) whereas GFR, D-dimer, need for mechanical ventilation and vasopressors were highly statistically significant with cardio-renal affected patients (P <0.001). Conclusion: Cardio-renal syndrome was common in COVID-19 ICU patients. Hypokalemia, lower GFR on admission, mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, age and D-dimer were significant independent predictors for CRS. Moreover,CRS during hospitalization was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital death.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_140968_b8cfa597c8e16c3cb164ee066269beb3.pdf
2021-03-01
51
60
10.21608/aeji.2020.46958.1109
Cardiorenal Syndrome (CRS)
COVID-19
Cytokine Storm
predictors
Aber
Baki
aberhalim@hotmail.com
1
Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology,Ain Shams University Hospitals,Cairo,Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hazem
Mansour
hazemmansour79@gmail.com
2
Department of Cardiology,Ain Shams University Hospitals,Cairo,Egypt.
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Elkhouly
ate-87@outlook.com
3
Department of ICU,Ain Shams University Hospitals,Cairo,Egypt.
AUTHOR
Osama
Farrag
ossamamfrag@hotmail.com
4
Department of ICU,Ain Shams University Hospitals,Cairo,Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Helicobacter Pylori Infection is Associated with Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Background and study aims: Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) is a complication of portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis, and it is considered one of the causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) is one of the most common pathogenic organism worldwide because it infects 50% of the population all over the world. The role of H. Pylori infection in the development of PHG and its severity is controversial. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of H. pylori infection in cirrhotic patients with PHG, and to find out the possible association of H.pylori infection with PHG severity. Method: This study was carried out on 90 patient with cirrhotic liver. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of PHG diagnosed by upper endoscopy. Child's Pugh score, MELD, uMELD and detection of H.Pylori by histopathological examination were done for all patients. Results: The studied patients 47 were males and 43 were females their mean age was 51.96 ± 7.02 years (ranging between 38-66 years). H.Pylori infection was significantly more frequent in patients with PHG than patients without PHG (P= 0.001). H.Pylori infection was significantly more frequent in patients with severe PHG than those with mild PHG (P=0.012). By multi-variant analysis, splenomegaly, presence of esophageal varices, gastric varices and H. Pylori infection were independent predictors for PHG presence. Conclusion: H. Pylori infection could be an independent predictor for PHG development and associated with its severity.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_141282_aa295b09c7f9636dbb7e285199391532.pdf
2021-03-01
61
68
10.21608/aeji.2020.47568.1112
Liver cirrhosis
Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy
Helicobacter pylori
Naglaa
El-Toukhy
naglaaeltoukhy@yahoo.com
1
Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Lubna
Omar El-Farouk
kassab_aa@ahoo.com
2
Department of Pathology , Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Mona
Youssef
dr.monayousef2020@gmail.com
3
Department of Hepatology , Gastroenterology and infectious Diseases, Benha Teaching Hospital, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of Interferon Gamma Release Assay in the Diagnosis of Active and Latent Tuberculosis among Patients and Contacts
Background and study aim: To date, tuberculosis (TB) is a global health emerging disease. Early detection of TB infection is critical to start therapy and stop increasing the prevalence of TB cases. The presence of sensitive, non-invasive, rapid and cheap method for diagnosing active and latent TB is very crucial to control TB transmission.The current study aims to compare the results of Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) and tuberculin skin test (TST or Mantoux) with the QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-tube Test (QFT-GIT) in the diagnosis of active TB and latent infection. Patients and method: The study included 90 participants divided into 45 clinically and microbiologically diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and 45 close contacts to PTB patients. Both groups examined clinically, and subjected to three diagnostic tests; ZN, Mantoux, and QFT- GIT. Results: The TST was positive in 95.6% and 42.2% of patients and contacts, respectively. Out of the screened TB patients and contacts, the positive QFT-GIT was found among 86.7% and 68.9%, respectively. The total agreement between QFT-GIT and the Mantoux was 71.11%. Positive concordant results (QFT+/TST+) were observed in 86.9%, while negative concordant results (QFT-/TST-) were detected in 37.9% of patients and contacts. Conclusion: The evaluation results of the QFT-GIT with ZN and Mantoux showed high sensitivities but relatively low specificities. The specificity of QFT-GIT was improved by modifying the cut off values to higher levels. Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) was likely to occur when both QFT-GIT and TST were positive .
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_142745_bf42d9fd3e4542218d241794a32c4424.pdf
2021-03-01
69
77
10.21608/aeji.2020.43963.1104
Keywords: Tuberculosis
Tuberculin skin test
Ziehl-Neelsen stain
QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test
Yousra
El-Maradny
hiph.ymaradny@alexu.edu.eg
1
Department of Microbiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Heba
Selim
drhebaselim@yahoo.com
2
Department of Microbiology, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Epidemiology and Clinical Profile of Tinea Pedis among Occlusive-Foot Wearing Policemen in Osogbo, Nigeria: A Case-Control Study
Background and study aim : Tinea pedis is a common affliction of the feet that causes maceration, scaliness, pruritus, pain, and life quality impairment when untreated. TP affects individuals who wear occlusive footwear disproportionately. A case-control design was made to determine the frequency, risk factors, and implicated organisms among Policemen in Osogbo and compare with control. Patients and methods: 250 policemen and 250 non-uniform wearing control were recruited. Relevant clinical data and physical examination were documented. TP was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by culture. Results: The frequency of clinically (12.4% vs. 8.4%) and mycologically (9.6% vs. 6.8%) diagnosed TP were higher among Policemen than non-uniform wearing control. Interdigital TP was predominant, followed by the moccasin type. One to two interdigital spaces were frequently affected. Occlusive boots and socks wearing, prolonged use of socks, sharing of shower sponge, leather boot, sports participation, and farming (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with TP in Policemen. Family history of atopy (p < 0.001) and sharing socks (p=0.02) were significantly associated with TP in controls. In multivariate analysis, odds of mycological positive TP were significantly increased in male gender (OR = 6.479, 95% CI = 1.49-28.26, p=0.013), by farming or gardening (OR = 2.622, 95% CI = 2.54-15.11, p=0.009) and excessive sweating in feet or palm (OR = 6.197, 95% CI = 0.75-3.55, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Tinea pedis remains a disease of public health importance among occlusive wearers. Determinants of TP include male gender, farming, and excessive sweating in palms and feet.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_142750_8e0e36b64a228045caaafe87bb9228ed.pdf
2021-03-01
78
87
10.21608/aeji.2020.45277.1111
Tinea pedis
Dermatophytes
Epidemiology, Cutaneous Infection
Olanrewaju
Olayemi
odeyemitayo@gmail.com
1
Dermatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria.
AUTHOR
Adeolu
Akinboro
deolusteve111@yahoo.com
2
Dermatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology and LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Israel
Michael
mikebamimore@yahoo.com
3
Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Department of Medicine, Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
AUTHOR
Sebastine
Oiwoh
seboiwoh1@gmail.com
4
Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria .
AUTHOR
Olaniyi
Onayemi
onayemi2002@yahoo.com
5
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Obafemi Awolowo University and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
AUTHOR
Olayinka
Olasode
olayinkaolasode@yahoo.com
6
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Obafemi Awolowo University and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Swab me, I am Infected!
In the late December 2019 an outbreak of a novel coronavirus termed as SARS- CoV-2 has emerged in Wuhan city, China then spread worldwide to cause serious life threatening pandemic that seriously affect the economics and daily life. The classical picture of COVID-19 is described as fever, cough and dyspnea. However, different atypical presentations have been described in the literature. We confronted by a patient 49 years old without respiratory manifestation who sought medical advice for swabbing for COVID-19, with refusal from the local governmental center for swabbing, two days later, the patient become dyspneic, desaturated with positive COVID-19 swab. We recommend that care givers should not wait the full typical respiratory manifestations of COVID-19.We also realize that there is a big shortage in swabbing and examination tools especially in the developing countries like ours, however, caregivers in swabbing center should have a high index of suspicion with patients who have persistent symptoms.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_132651_daf0551b8d83e276b622f2cb80d9de85.pdf
2021-03-01
88
95
10.21608/aeji.2020.48246.1113
COVID-19
cough
Swabbing
Aya
Mahros
yoye_85@hotmail.com
1
Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelshiekh University, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed
Emara
emara_20007@yahoo.com
2
Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelshiekh University, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohammed
Ahmed
dr.mm63@yahoo.com
3
Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelshiekh University, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mohamed
Radwan
msr2015@yahoo.com
4
Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelshiekh University, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt
AUTHOR
Hassan
Elbatee
hassanelbatae_68@yahoo.com
5
Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelshiekh University, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Spleen as an Extrapulmonary Target of COVID-19.
The spleen has been recently reported as one of the unusual extrapulmonary organs that can be affected by COVID-19. Different splenic lesions were described in COVID-19 patients. Herein, we summarize a few recent reports that have described splenic lesions in association with COVID-19. Splenic infarction was reported frequently, ruptured spleen and splenic abscess were also reported. Splenic involvement in COVID -19 can be caused through direct virus damage of the spleen and/or COVID-19 induced microvascular thrombosis and vasculitis.The hypercoagulable state induced by COVID-19 virus lead to splenic artery or vein thrombosis and splenic infarction development due to splenic hypoperfusion. The spleen may be an extrapulmonary target of COVID-19 virus and abdominal pain is alarming in COVID-19 infection, it may indicate a serious condition. Computed tomography (CT) abdomen is helpful in diagnosis of splenic complications secondary to COVID-19. Early diagnosis and intervention is life saving in most of these patients. Emergency surgical laparotomy and splenectomy is life-saving in these cases.
https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_152936_da1812496741673bb5b47f3bcfbc41c5.pdf
2021-03-01
96
99
10.21608/aeji.2021.60611.1133
COVID-19
spleen
extrapulmonary
Wesam
Hassan
mahranwesam17@gmail.com
1
Assiut Center for Viral Hepatitis Management, Ministry of Health, Assiut, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Haidi
Ramadan
haidikaram@aun.edu.eg
2
Tropical Medicine and Gastroenterology Department, Assiut University, Assiut,Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ghada
Omran
ghada_ali@hotmail.com
3
Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut , Egypt.
AUTHOR