@article { author = {Elsettawy, Magda and Ibrahim, Shereen}, title = {Changes in Liver Cell Apoptosis after Vaccination by Schistosomulae Antigen and/or Artesunat Treatment in Murine Schistosoma Mansoni}, journal = {Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {107-120}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department}, issn = {2090-7613}, eissn = {2090-7184}, doi = {10.21608/aeji.2018.13294}, abstract = {Background and study aim: The target for a schistosoma vaccine or treatment is the reduction in morbidity. The hope for vaccine or treatment is to decrease worm burden  and egg pathology to the least percentage, this work aimed to compare between  schistosomulae lung stage antigen (SLAP) with and without adjuvant (IL12) and artesunate (ART) treatment regarding their effect especially on liver cell apoptosis. Materials and Methods: Schistosomulae were extracted from the lungs 18 days post infection with Schistosoma mansoni. Eight groups of Swiss albino mice (8 mice each group) were classified as follows: Group A was served as healthy control group, group B was infected with ±100 cercariae and served as infected control group, group C infected then treated by artesunate monotherapy (400mg/kg) single oral dose 6 weeks post infection. ,group D was immunized with 50ug of SLAP then infected,, group E infected then treated by artesunate monotherapy (400 mg/kg) single oral dose 3 weeks post infection, group F was immunized with 50ug of SLAP and 100ug of IL12,group G was immunized with 50ug of SLAP and 100ug of IL12 then infected then treated by artesunate monotherapy (400 mg/kg) single oral dose 6 weeks post infection, group H was immunized with 50ug of SLAP and 100ug of IL12 infected then treated by artesunate monotherapy (400 mg/kg) single oral dose 3 weeks post infection. All groups vaccinated with SLAP vaccine were given booster doses after2 weeks of the first doses. Seven weeks post infection mice were sacrificed for parasitological parameters measurements (worm burden, tissue egg load and oogram pattern), histopathological and immunohistochemical  studies using P53 and Bcl-2 markers for determination of   liver cells apoptosis. Results and Conclusion: Apoptosis detected by immunohistochemical studies is a good evaluation method. IL12 potentiated the protective effect of SLAP vaccine, ART 3  weeks post infection is better than 6 week post infection in reduction of liver pathology and apoptosis. The combination of both (SLAP+IL12+ART 3 weeks post infection) is the best regarding the reduction of tissue egg count, worm burden, hepatic immunopathology and apoptosis.}, keywords = {Schistosoma mansoni,SLAP,art,IL12,Parasitological parameters,liver cell apoptosis}, url = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_13294.html}, eprint = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_13294_304d727b0cab5bfb1bda52a635f2ab4f.pdf} } @article { author = {Ibrahim, Hany and El Shaer, Rabie and El Elaimy, Ibrahim and Rabea, Ramzy}, title = {Serological and Immunohistochemical Detection of Helicopacter pylori Infection among Egyptian Hepatitis C Virus Patients}, journal = {Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {121-128}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department}, issn = {2090-7613}, eissn = {2090-7184}, doi = {10.21608/aeji.2018.13297}, abstract = {Background and study aim: Helicobacter pylori infection is distributed worldwide. H. pylori colonize the liver and increase the severity of the liver pathogenesis. The aim of the present study was to detect the H. pylori in the HCV patients using serology and immunohistochemistry diagnostic methods. The aim was extended to evaluate the hematological and biochemical changes during the co-infection. Materials and Methods: ELISA and immunohistochemistry diagnostic methods were utilized to examine patients chronically infected with HCV for H. pylori, and some hematological and biochemical parameters were detected. Results: Overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 10.81%, 8.00%, using ELISA, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. In the current study, no significant difference based on gender, residence, age, biochemical assessment and HCV RNA load was observed. Liver cirrhosis at patient co-infected with H. pylori and HCV recorded high percentage compared to those with chronic HCV mono-infection. A significant increase in the relative lymphocyte count was detected in patients with concomitant H. pylori and chronic HCV infections compared to patients with chronic HCV mono-infection. Conclusion: Because H. pylori infection is frequent among Egyptian HCV infected patients, regular screening and treatment for H. pylori among this category is extremely important.}, keywords = {Helicobacter,hepatitis C,co-infection,ELISA,Immunohistochemistry,Egypt}, url = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_13297.html}, eprint = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_13297_19de363a57fe939c41434ff02992d1b3.pdf} } @article { author = {EL HAWARY, AMR and Moustafa, Emad}, title = {Evaluation of the Efficacy of Adrenaline Injection Versus Argon Plasma Coagulation Either Alone or Combined in Controlling Acute Bleeding Peptic Ulcer}, journal = {Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {129-139}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department}, issn = {2090-7613}, eissn = {2090-7184}, doi = {10.21608/aeji.2018.13309}, abstract = {Background and study aim: Evaluating the sequale and outcomes of managing acute bleeding peptic ulcer by using either diluted adrenaline injection or argon plasma coagulation alone versus using both modalities. Materials and Methods: This study was performed over a 1.5-year period from January 2016 to June 2017. Acute bleeding peptic ulcer patients were assigned randomly to either treatment with diluted adrenaline injection (group I), or with an APC application (group II) or treated using both (group III). All groups were compared regarding the rate of initial hemostasis, rate of recurrent bleeding, successful definitive hemostasis,  need for emergency surgery and bleeding-related deaths. Results: In total, Session [CurrentTestPartID] patients with acute bleeding peptic ulcer were enrolled randomly in three groups; group I included 20 patients who were treated with endoscopic adrenaline injection, group II included 20 patients and were exposed to Argon plasma coagulation in sessions and group III included 20 patients who were subjected to both modalities. Patients were followed up in ICU and received PPI IV infusion, Endoscopy was performed one week after initial hemostasis, a second look endoscopy was performed in patients who showed recurrent bleeding. Results revealed significant (p<0.05) superior efficacy of both modalities when used together (group III) compared with using either alone as regard inducing initial and permanent hemostasis, controlling rebleeding and minimizing hospital admission days. Conclusion: Using both endoscopic adrenaline injection and argon plasma coagulation as a combined therapy is highly efficacious in managing acute bleeding peptic ulcer than using each alone.}, keywords = {Adrenaline,argon plasma coagulation,Bleeding peptic ulcer}, url = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_13309.html}, eprint = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_13309_be7578627611b0634fa1db775dcd50d2.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel Monem, Sameh and Fathy, Talaat and Shalaby, Sally and Wahab, Essam}, title = {Serum Resistin Level as a Diagnostic Marker in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis}, journal = {Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {140-148}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department}, issn = {2090-7613}, eissn = {2090-7184}, doi = {10.21608/aeji.2018.13523}, abstract = {Background and study aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a state defined by extreme fat accumulation in the form of triglycerides (steatosis) in the liver. A subgroup of NAFLD patients characterized by injury to the hepatocytes and inflammation in addition to excessive fat, the latter condition, nominated non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The work aimed to evaluate the role of serum resistin level as a diagnostic marker in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis who were admitted to the Tropical Medicine and Internal Medicine departments, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University (inpatient and outpatient). Patients and Methods: This study was performed on 38 patients between April 2017 to May 2018.They were classified into two groups; control group included 19 non-obese apparently healthy individuals, 11 males and 8 females with average age of 43.2 year and average body mass index of 23.46 Kg/m2 and patients group  included 19 patients with NASH, 13 males and 6 females with average age of 44 year and average body mass index of 32.71 Kg/m2. They had  bright fatty liver on ultrasono-graphic examination and raised ALT and AST and liver biopsy  confirmed the diagnosis of NASH. Clinical assessment, laboratory evaluation, pelvi-abdominal ultrasound, and serum resistin were done for all participants. Results: In this study: Cut off level of serum resistin was >3.7 ng/ml and there was a significant difference as regard serum resistin in NASH group in comparison with control group. Conclusion: Serum resistin level was significantly higher among NASH group in comparison to the control group. Serum resistin level  may be a good diagnostic marker for patients with NASH.}, keywords = {Resistin,Steatohepatitis,NAFLD}, url = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_13523.html}, eprint = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_13523_e2ec180d25cc1c397797cca0f6795aaf.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd elbaser, Elsayed and Mohammed, Heba}, title = {Brucellosis Relapse: A Retrospective Study of Risk Factors among Saudi Patients}, journal = {Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {149-154}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department}, issn = {2090-7613}, eissn = {2090-7184}, doi = {10.21608/aeji.2018.13526}, abstract = {Background and study aim: Brucellosis is one of the most common zoonotic infections worldwide. Brucella organisms are able to survive and even multiply within mononuclear cells explaining the tendency of the disease to have a prolonged clinical course and relapse. The incidence of relapse in Brucellosis remains high; ranging from 5-30% of patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate possible risk factors of Brucellosis relapse. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study of 127 patients was conducted to evaluate risk factors of Brucellosis relapse. The diagnosis of relapse was based on recurrence of clinical picture within 3-6 months from treatment, increase agglutinating antibody titers and PCR. Different demographic, clinical, laboratory and serological parameters were studied based on the data gathered from the patients` electronic files. Results: Out of 127 patients, 21 (16.5%) patients were diagnosed as relapsers. No significant differences were found between relapsed and non-relapsed patients regarding age, sex, residence, clinical features, complications, lymphocytic count and serological titers. As regard treatment, regimens included Streptomycin and Doxycycline had a significant decrease in relapse occurrence. Conclusion: Anti-microbial regimen included Streptomycin and Doxycycline is the only preventive factor for Brucellosis relapse.}, keywords = {Brucellosis,relapse,risk factors}, url = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_13526.html}, eprint = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_13526_9239f5eb37615871aef09d5f2c8d9320.pdf} } @article { author = {Omar, Maha and Gouda, Mohebat and Elbehisy, Mona}, title = {Reply to Letter to the Editor: Mean Platelet Volume may not be A Diagnostic Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma due to Chronic Hepatitis C Infection}, journal = {Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases}, volume = {8}, number = {3}, pages = {155-155}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine, Endemic and Tropical Medicine Department}, issn = {2090-7613}, eissn = {2090-7184}, doi = {10.21608/aeji.2018.15224}, abstract = {We would like to thank Beyan and Beyan for their interest in our article  and for their comments on this article. They stated that mean platelet volume (MPV) can be affected by many factors including time of analysis after venipuncture, methods of analysis, anticoagulant used and specimen storage temperature . I do agree that there should be more details for this part in our study, but all MPV values were measured in dipotassium EDITA tubes within 1st hour after venipuncture, there was no different approach in MPV measurement between our patients and controls therefore, we don't believe this factor significantly influenced our results. It's true that MPV is affected by age and sex in some studies and not in other studies  as prof/ Beyan and prof/ Beyan mentioned  in their comments, but we adjust the age and sex mismatch in our study by using logistic analysis and found that MPV still independent predictor  for HCC. In our study, MPV was less sensitive and less specific than AFP in diagnosis of HCC. So in conclusion MPV can be studied as an added marker for AFP to increase its specificity and sensitivity in diagnosis of HCC. However it can't be replace the role of AFP in diagnosis. Further studies are needed in this area.}, keywords = {MPV,MPV/PC,AFP,HCC}, url = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_15224.html}, eprint = {https://aeji.journals.ekb.eg/article_15224_b7125544847ad11b18fa2f1b356c87c5.pdf} }